Hernia is an abnormal swelling or protrusion of abdominal contents (fat or intestine) outside their containing cavity. It can present as a swelling which increases on physical activity and decreases while lying down and can also cause pain. Hernia can occur in all age groups in both men and women. Men mostly present with a groin hernia and women can have a hernia in the umbilical area or the belly button. Hernia is caused by weakness in the tissues either because of increased intra abdominal pressure or related to previous surgery or advancing age. Hernia surgery is best performed by the laparoscopic approach. The patient requires to be admitted to the hospital for 1-2 days. The surgery is performed under general anaesthesia which means that the person is unconscious and not aware of any pain during the procedure. The surgery involves dissection of and reduction of the hernia and then repairing the defect in the tissue by placing a large mesh to cover the gap. The mesh may be fixed with sutures or tackers. The mesh provides strength to the tissues and ensures that the hernia doesn’t recur in the future. The recovery after laparoscopic hernia repair is rapid. The patient is allowed liquids within a few hours and then a soft diet in the next 1-2 days. They are allowed to have a normal routine within a week of surgery but are advised to avoid strenuous physical work for the next 4-6 weeks. Laparoscopic hernia surgery is the best treatment for all types of hernia.
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